Overseas Chinese Democracy Coalition News and Article Release Issue Number: A620-O173

中国民主运动海外联席会议新闻与文章发布号：A620-O173

Release Date: March 23, 2011

发布日：2011年3月23日

Topic: Guangdong Officials Say the Nuclear Power Plants are Absolutely Safe Without Need of Re-evaluation, Huang Ciping Points out the Current System in China Makes Nuclear Power Plants Even More Dangerous (Radio Free Asia)

标题：广东官员称核电绝对安全无须重新评估，黄慈萍指出中国的现有体制使核电站更具危险性（自由亚洲电台报道）

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Guangdong Officials Say the Nuclear Power Plants are Absolutely Safe Without Need of Re-evaluation, Huang Ciping Points out the Current System in China Makes Nuclear Power Plants Even More Dangerous

[Radio Free Asia report, 2011-03-23] Since the nuclear crisis in Japan's Fukushima nuclear power plant, many countries have decided to give a comprehensive re-evaluation of their nuclear power plants' safety. However, one official in China's Guangdong Province stated that the nuclear power plants in Guangdong are absolutely safe, without the need of re-evaluation. Nuclear experts say that this kind of statement is irresponsible. Shi Shan of Radio Free Asia reports.

Since the accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant, many European and American countries announced a full reassessment of the safety of their nuclear power projects. US President Barack Obama announced that all nuclear power plants in the United States will have a period of ninety days to complete the safety assessment. The Chinese State Council also announced instructions to reevaluate the safety of their nuclear stations.

However, on Tuesday morning, the Guangdong Environmental Protection Bureau Director Li Qing stated that the Guangdong Nuclear Power Projects are "absolutely safe, without the need for reassessment" according to Yangcheng Evening News. At present, Guangdong has two nuclear power plants at Daya Bay and Ling Ao. Both are only 20 to 30 km away from ShenZhen and Hong Kong.

An anonymous Chinese nuclear security expert said to Radio Free Asia that this official's remarks are very irresponsible.

"From our point of view, absolute safety of nuclear power stations does not exist. We could only raise the safety level to a certain degree. For example, we might try to reduce the probability of an accident to a certain level that we consider satisfactory. Professionally, there is no such thing as 'absolute safety'. In addition, in the analysis of safety many parameters are very uncertain. After this accident in Japan, we have more data on those parameters. Therefore, it is very essential to reevaluate what was called 'safe' in the past."

With economic development, China's energy shortage problems become more serious. Currently, China has seven nuclear power plants, and another 21 under construction. Chinese media have reported that the future construction of new nuclear power plants in China will be mostly the generation III reactors which are safer. Chinese nuclear experts said that the safety index for generation III reactors is ten times that of generation II. The most important improvement is the adoption of a passive nuclear safety system, which guarantees that in the case of lost power due to natural disaster or accident, the cooling of the nuclear reactor will continue.

However, the nuclear security expert said that now China is using what really could be classified as generation two and half.

"We call it generation two and half because it does have some improvement over generation II, to strengthen the safety. But it is still not generation III, so it does not have the safety of generation III."

On nuclear security issues, Taiwan's President Ma Ying-Jeou said Tuesday that a complacent mentality is what we most need to avoid as a taboo regarding nuclear safety. We must be humble. The nuclear expert of Mainland China said that Ma Ying-Jeou has in fact described an important issue regarding nuclear safety.

Hong Kong media reported that there were a few small incidents with the Guangdong nuclear power plants in the past a few years that were not made public. The Chinese expert said that information disclosure should be an important part of the big policy of nuclear safety, and in this regard indeed China has a very big problem.

"Some incidents occurring in nuclear power plant is normal. Incidents often occur in all countries. But these incidents are not really accidents. However, after such incidents occur, according to regulations they should be reported to state agencies and to the public, instead of be concealed and unreported. This concealment is also the biggest taboo against safety. Although there are regulations, but what should have been immediately reported was not. Other information that, according to regulations, should have been released to the public immediately was not."

Ciping Huang, who once worked in Institute 401 (the Institute of Atomic Energy) in China and now　lives in the United States, said that if the information about the nuclear energy projects is not transparent and understandable to the public, it may bring even greater danger, either by unnecessary panic or improper reaction in cases of a real accidents.

Ciping Huang: "At the edge of the state of Ohio where I live, there was an issue with corrosion in a nearby nuclear power plant Davis-Besse. Of course the private energy company owning the plant would rather not spend too much to fix the problem. At first, they were unwilling to take care of these issues. Later on, it was our US representative Marcy Kaptur who interfered forcefully to get it inspected and solve the problem. As a result the nuclear power plant stopped production for almost 2 years. Of course it lost a lot of money, but it also solved safety problems. However, in China, the government is very arrogant on many things. The Communist government only wants to see economic results over any social price. To them, the goal and task of the Communist Party is the highest of all.”

Ciping Huang said that the Chinese bureaucratic system emphasizes secrecy and control, and the authorities who often do not know the technical issues simply place gag orders to manage situations. She also said that the Chinese governmental departments often ignore quality and safety management in an effort to pursue speed of completion. Thus we must be even more careful with nuclear energy projects there.

The above was reported by Shi Shan of Radio Free Asia.

Link for the original RFA report:

http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/m0323-xql-03232011165530.html

Link for the original sound track:

http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/m0323-xql-03232011165530.html/m0323-xql.mp3/inline.html or:

http://www.weijingsheng.org/interviews/interviews2011/HuangCPnuclearsafety110323RFAinterview.mp3

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中文版

Overseas Chinese Democracy Coalition News and Article Release Issue Number: A620-O173

中国民主运动海外联席会议新闻与文章发布号：A620-O173

Release Date: March 23, 2011

发布日：2011年3月23日

标题：　广东官员称核电绝对安全无须重新评估，黄慈萍指出中国的现有体制使核电站更具危险性（自由亚洲电台报道）

Original Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)

此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）

如有中文乱码问题，请与我们联系或访问:

http://www.weijingsheng.org/report/report2011/report2011-03/HuangCPnuclearsafety110323RFAinterviewA620-O173.htm

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广东官员称核电绝对安全无须重新评估，黄慈萍指出中国的现有体制使核电站更具危险性

-- 自由亚洲电台报道，2011-03-23

日本福岛核电事故发生之后，全球多个国家对核电项目的安全性进行全面的重新评估。但广东的一位官员表示，广东的核电项目绝对安全，不需要重新评估。专家表示，这种说法不负责任。自由亚洲电台记者石山的报道。

日本福岛核电厂事故之后，欧美多个国家宣布重新评估核电项目安全情况。美国总统奥巴马宣布美国境内所有核电厂项目，进行为期九十天的安全评估，而中国国务院也宣布了安全重新评估的指令。

然而，广东环保厅厅长李清星期二上午表示，广东核电项目“绝对安全，不需要重新评估”。广东羊城晚报报道说，省环保厅厅长李清是在一个电台节目中做出上述表示的。目前，广东有大亚湾和岭澳两座核电站，前者距离深圳和香港都只有二三十公里的距离。

中国一位不愿意透露姓名的核电安全专家对自由亚洲电台表示，这位官员的讲话非常不负责任。

“从我们做核电安全的角度讲，绝对的安全是不存在的，只能是把安全性提高到一个程度。比方说它的事故的概率降低到某一个水平下，我们就认为是满意了。绝对安全在专业上是不用这样的提法。另外，在做安全分析的时候，很多参数都是有很大的不确定性。日本这个事故出现了以后，等于对这个不确定性有了一些修正。所以对原来的安全性作重新评价是很有必要的。”

随着经济的发展，中国能源短缺的问题日渐严重。目前中国有7座核电站，另有21座正在兴建当中。中国媒体报道说，今后中国兴建的新核电站，大部分以更为安全的第三代核能技术为主。中国的核能安全专家介绍说，第三代核能技术比第二代的安全系数高出十倍，其中最重要的是采用了非能动冷却系统，使一旦发生天灾或事故停电时，核反应炉冷却能够继续进行。

不过他表示，中国采用的其实是二代半的核能技术。

“它叫二代半，就是把二代做了一些改进，安全上做了一次加强。但是还不是三代，所以它没有像三代的这种安全问题。”

就核能安全的问题，台湾的总统马英九星期二表示，核能安全文化最忌讳自满心态，一定要很谦虚。中国大陆这位专家表示，马英九其实说出了核能安全的一个重要问题。

香港媒体报道说，广东的核电站过去几年发生过一些小事故，但并没有向公众公开。中国的这位专家表示，信息公开应该是核能安全大政策的一个重要环节，这方面中国确实存在很大问题。

“一些事件在核电厂出现是很正常的。各个国家经常是会出现的。它不是因为事故。但是出现了以后，按规定应该上报的事件，应该向公众发布的事件一定要上报和向公公发布，不能隐瞒不报。这也是安全上最大的大忌。也是有一套规定，但是首先该及时上报的就没有及时上报。另外有的规定应该及时向公众发布的消息没有发布。”

曾经在中国401原子能研究所，后来改名为中国原子能研究院工作，现在旅居美国的黄慈萍表示，核能项目如果信息不公开透明，可能带来很大的危险。

“在我住的俄亥俄边上，核电站下围有点生锈，从资本家的角度我要是停下来的话，那我当然就要损失了。所以他们就不愿意，后来是我们当地的国会议员强行干预，结果一查果然问题。停了将近两年。核电站的损失当然确实很大了，最后解决了问题。那么在中国做很多事情它都非常狂妄。它只要结果。党的任务、党的目标才是最高的。”

黄慈萍表示，中国大陆的官场体制重视保密和控制，而很多时候管理当局不懂技术问题而采取强行命令的方式管理。她也表示，中国的政府部门经常为了追求速度而忽视质量和安全管理，因此核能项目更加需要非常小心。

以上是自由亚洲电台记者石山的报道。

原始报道的网页连接：http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/m0323-xql-03232011165530.html

聆听相关报道：http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/yataibaodao/m0323-xql-03232011165530.html/m0323-xql.mp3/inline.html 或

http://www.weijingsheng.org/interviews/interviews2011/HuangCPnuclearsafety110323RFAinterview.mp3

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