Wei Jingsheng Foundation News and Article Release Issue: A1004-W653

魏京生基金会新闻与文章发布号：A1004-W653

Release Date: April 23, 2017

发布日：2017年4月23日

Topic: Is it an International Notice or an Arrest Warrant? -- Wei Jingsheng

标题：是国际通告还是通缉令？ -- 魏京生

Original Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)

此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）

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Is it an International Notice or an Arrest Warrant?

-- Wei Jingsheng

Two days ago, the Voice of America broadcast live a program featuring a Chinese businessman Guo Wengui talking about the scandals between Chinese businesses and powerful men in China. After the announcement of the program and before its broadcast, the Chinese government issued a "red notice" through Interpol, trying to prevent the program from being broadcast and to prevent Mr. Guo Wengui exposing the scandals of the Chinese bureaucracy. It also resulted a premature end of the program during broadcasting.

This matter immediately caused a sensational effect in the international media. Including Internet users and listeners, people are guessing reasons for this premature end, while focusing on two issues. The first question is who ordered the director of the VOA China branch, to give the order to stop the live broadcast? The second question is did the Chinese government through Interpol really issue a "red notice" or "red arrest warrant"? What kind of effect did it really have in the end?

The first issue remains to be investigated and is temporarily unable to be answered. Now I gave a rough analysis on the second issue for everyone

The Chinese government has always described Interpol as an organization of international police, and translated a "notice" issued by Interpol into an "arrest warrant". This is a great misleading, and can be considered as deliberately misleading the Chinese people, in an effort to create a climate of terror.

First, Interpol is a non-governmental organization. This is the nature of its registration. It does not have the power of any national police, nor does any country grant it any level of judicial power. Thus Interpol has no authority to issue any level of arrest orders, including detention, and so on. It can only issue a notice to be circulated to its member states.

However, Interpol is indeed different from other non-governmental organizations that have charitable purposes, or with human rights protection. It aimed servicing clients are the national judicial institutions, including the police. A couple days ago, the Interpol responded to Voice of America with the following official explanation:

"Many of INTERPOL's member countries however, consider a Red Notice a valid request for provisional arrest, especially if they are linked to the requesting country via a bilateral extradition treaty. In cases where arrests are made based on a Red Notice, these are made by national police officials in INTERPOL member countries.

INTERPOL cannot insist or compel any member country to arrest an individual who is the subject of a Red Notice. Nor can INTERPOL require any member country to take any action in response to another member country's request. Each INTERPOL member country decides for itself what legal value to give Red Notice within their borders."

The contradiction between this interpretation is that it is beyond the boundaries of the notice of its own nature, that it admits that "red notice" is an effective request for temporary arrest, thus has a transnational judicial effect. This is why I, as well as the international judiciary and public opinion, have been strongly criticizing it. In early April this year, we organized a series of activities in Lyon, France (where the headquarters of Interpol is) hoping to constrain Interpol's activities which have gone beyond its authority. The experience of history proves that the power without restriction is bound to become a disaster.

During the Second World War, Nazi Germany was like China now. It used various illegal means to obtain the presidency of Interpol. Reinhard Haydrich, the head of Nazi's secret police Gestapo, and 3 other Nazi's heads, became presidents of Interpol. During this time, the Interpol played an important role in assisting the Nazis to pursue members of the resistance movement and the Jews.

Interpol has not stopped since then. I myself have been notified by the Interpol as a "terrorist" and detained for search. This kind of "arrest warrant" has resulted in me often being detained for a long time at the customs when I cross country borders, and even Western countries do not give me long-term visas. Some years ago, famous Chinese democrats Dr. Wang Bingzhang and Peng Ming were arrested overseas and were sent back to China for life imprisonment. Mr. Peng Ming ended with a bizarre death in Chinese prison just a few months ago. These activities are all directly associated with Interpol being used by the Chinese government.

Recently, the Chinese government has increased its control of Interpol. While it still uses Interpol to fight against exiled dissidents overseas, at the same time, it has begun to use it as a tool to combat dissidents within the Communist leadership. As we all know, the anti-corruption movement of the Communist regime has become a movement of cleansing within the Communist Party, specifically to crack down the dissidents within the Communist Party who disagree with Xi Jinping and Wang Qishan. The Sky Net action of the Central Discipline Inspection Commission of the Communist Party that put the Interpol "red notices" on its website, is to tell all the opposition, even if you fled to the ends of the earth, we can arrest you through the Interpol.

Such uses of Interpol have become a tool for Xi Jinping to create his dictatorship; it has seriously intervened in China's internal affairs; it has also seriously transcended the authority of a non-governmental organization. It is also moving quickly to the old path when it was an instrument of Nazi terrorism.

This is exactly what I and the international community are worried about. This is also the reason that the political circles, academics, and the media of various countries need to strongly criticize Interpol and ask it to reform its system. We do not want Interpol to become a tool for Fascist dictatorship again. We hope that it will reform its system and institutions, to continue play a positive role in combating criminal offenses and establishing an effective monitoring system.

In the current situation, with the head of Chinese secret police being its president, the Interpol are resisting and rejecting years of criticism and supervision from various directions. The Interpol continue to adhere to being the tool of these dictatorial countries in order to obtain the funds they need to maintain their existence and in fact to become an organization for profit.

According to many news media reports, Interpol's credibility and funding has been declining year after year. Many of the democratic countries have reduced their contributions because of their dissatisfaction with its behavior. China has become a major contributor to Interpol, which is suspected of being the main reason for the Interpol becoming a political tool for Xi Jinping.

As this situation continues, the credibility and funding of this organization will be further reduced, until it becomes the vassal of the Chinese police. I believe by then there will be a new organization with its own rules to be followed to replace the positive functions Interpol has now. The organization of Fascist tools will disappear. I will continue my hard work with the comrades of justice of every country.

To hear Mr. Wei Jingsheng's related commentary, please visit:

http://www.weijingsheng.org/RFA/RFA2017/WeiJS170420onRedNotice.mp3

(Written and recorded on April 20, 2017. Broadcasted by Radio Free Asia.)

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中文版

Wei Jingsheng Foundation News and Article Release Issue: A1004-W653

魏京生基金会新闻与文章发布号：A1004-W653

Release Date: April 23, 2017

发布日：2017年4月23日

Topic: Is it an International Notice or an Arrest Warrant? -- Wei Jingsheng

标题：是国际通告还是通缉令？ -- 魏京生

Original Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)

此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）

如有中文乱码问题，请与我们联系或访问：

http://www.weijingsheng.org/report/report2017/report2017-04/WeiJS170423onRedNoticeA1004-W653.htm

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是国际通告还是通缉令？

-- 魏京生

前两天美国之音播出了中国商人郭文贵的直播节目，谈论中国的商界和权贵之间的丑闻。在节目预告之后和播出之前，中国政府通过国际刑警组织发出了红色通告，试图阻止美国之音的节目播出，阻止郭文贵先生揭发中国官僚集团的丑闻。而且在节目播出的时候，造成了直播中断。

这件事情立刻就在国际媒体上引起了轰动效应。包括网民和听众在内，大家纷纷猜测事情的原因，集中在两个问题上。第一个是谁的命令，迫使美国之音中文部主任下令停止直播？第二个问题，中国政府通过国际刑警组织发布的，到底是红色通告还是红色逮捕令？它到底有什么效力？

第一个问题有待于调查，暂时无法作出解答。现在就第二个问题给大家作一个粗浅的分析。

中国政府一直以来都把国际刑警组织形容为一个警察组织，把国际刑警组织发出的通告，翻译成为通缉令，也就是通告逮捕令。这是一个极大的误导，可以认为是故意误导中国人，制造恐怖气氛。

首先，国际刑警组织是一个非政府组织。这是它注册登记获得准许的性质。它不拥有任何国家警察的权力，也没有任何国家授予它任何等级的司法权力。所以国际刑警组织无权发布任何级别的逮捕令，包括拘留等等指令。它只能向成员国发布通告。

但是，国际刑警组织确实不同于其它慈善目的，或人权保障的非政府组织，它的服务对象是各国的司法机构，包括警察机构。在前两天国际刑警组织回复美国之音的文件中，他们是这样解释的：

但是，国际刑警组织的许多成员国却认为，红色通报是一项有效的临时逮捕请求，特别是如果它们通过双边引渡条约与请求国相关联。在根据红色通报进行逮捕的情况下，这些逮捕行动是由国际刑警组织成员国的国家警察官员实施的。

国际刑警组织不能坚持或强迫任何成员国逮捕红色通报所涉及的个人。国际刑警组织也不能要求任何成员国应另一成员国请求而采取任何行动。每个国际刑警组织成员国在其境内自行决定赋予红色通报何种法律价值。

这段解释的自相矛盾之处，就在于它超出了自身性质规定的通告的界限，承认它是一项有效的临时逮捕请求，也就是拥有了跨国的司法效力。这正是我和国际司法界，舆论界强烈批评它的原因。我们在今年四月初，在它的总部所在地法国里昂组织了一系列活动，希望对这个组织超越它的权限的活动形成制约。历史的经验证明，没有制约的权力必然会成为灾难。

在第二次世界大战期间，纳粹德国也像现在的中国一样，通过各种非法手段获得了国际刑警组织主席的任命。当时的纳粹秘密警察头子海德里希，和另外三名纳粹头子相继成为国际刑警组织的主席。这段时间的国际刑警组织，在协助纳粹追捕抵抗运动人士和犹太人上面，起到了重要的助纣为虐的作用。

现代他们也没有停止这种活动。我本人就多次被国际刑警组织通告成为“恐怖分子”，并被扣押搜查。包括很多国家的海关长时间扣留我不准出入海关，甚至西方国家不发给我长期签证，都和这种通缉令有关。前些年，著名民主派人士王炳章和彭明的境外被捕，之后被判处无期徒刑，直到彭明先生几个月前在监狱中离奇死亡，都和国际刑警组织被中国政府利用，有直接的关系。

最近中国政府对国际刑警组织的控制力高度增长。在打击海外流亡异议人士的同时，开始成为打击党内异议人士的工具。众所周知，中共的反腐败运动，已经成为清党运动，专门用来打击对习近平、王岐山拥有不同政见的党内人士。中纪委的天网行动，就是告诉所有反对派人士，你们即使逃到天涯海角，我们也能通过国际刑警组织将你们逮捕归案。

这样的国际刑警组织，已经成为习近平制造独裁政治的工具；已经在严重地干涉了中国的内政；也严重地超越了一个非政府组织的权限。它也正迅速地走向纳粹恐怖工具的老路。

这正是我和国际社会所担忧的，也是各国政界、学界和媒体需要强烈批评和要求他们改革制度的原因。我们不希望国际刑警组织再一次成为独裁法西斯的工具，我们希望它改革体制和制度，继续发挥打击刑事犯罪的正面作用，并且建立起有效的监督体制。

就目前的情况来看，在中国秘密警察头子担任主席的形势下，他们正在消极抵抗，拒绝各界多年来的批评和监督。他们继续坚持成为各国独裁专制的工具，以便获得他们维持存在的经费，成为实际上的盈利组织。

据各国媒体不止一次的报道，国际刑警组织的信誉和经费逐年下降。很多民主国家因为对其行为不满，减少了对它的捐款。中国已经成为国际刑警组织获得捐款的大户，这被怀疑是国际刑警组织成为习近平政治工具的主要原因。

这种情况继续下去，这个组织的信誉和经费会更进一步下降，直到它成为中国警察部门的附庸。我相信届时将会有新的，更有规矩的组织替代它的正面的功能。法西斯工具的组织必将消失。我和各国正义志士们会为此继续努力。