Wei Jingsheng Foundation News and Article Release Issue: A1060-W697

魏京生基金会新闻与文章发布号：A1060-W697

Release Date: November 11, 2017

发布日：2017年11月11日

Topic: What is the October Revolution? -- Wei Jingsheng

标题：什么是十月革命? -- 魏京生

Original Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)

此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）

Note: Please use "Simplified Chinese (GB2312)" encoding to view the Chinese parts of this release. If this mail does not display properly in your email program, please send your request for special delivery to us or visit:

http://www.weijingsheng.org/report/report2017/report2017-11/WeiJS171111onOctoberRevolutionA1060-W697.htm which contains identical information.

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What is the October Revolution?

-- Wei Jingsheng

This year marks the 100th anniversary of the October Revolution. However, both of the countries most affected by the October Revolution, China and Russia, are very low-key, with no official commemorative activities as in the past. The social reaction is also very cold. But I think it is still necessary to commemorate this revolution. This is to remember the disaster and the lessons it brings to the world.

What was the October Revolution? Many Chinese friends have a misconception that was told by the Communist Party's newspapers and magazines: the October Revolution overthrew the feudal rule of the Tsar. In fact, Tsarist Russia was overthrown in March 1917, which is February in the (old style) Russian calendar. It was overthrown in the February Revolution launched by various democratic forces headed by the Socialist Revolutionary Party. The Bolsheviks of Vladimir Lenin did not play an important role in the process.

The principle of Lenin's Bolsheviks was to establish the so-called proletarian dictatorship and communist society, not democratic politics. Therefore, they held a hostile attitude toward the newly formed Kerensky democratic government (the Russian Provisional Government). This was an opportunity for Germany at the time. Because Germany was at a disadvantage in World War I, it hoped Russia would withdraw from the war. Thus Germany gave Lenin a huge sum equivalent to billions of dollars nowadays, to help him to overthrow the newly established but fragile Kerensky government and sign the treaty (of Brest-Litovsk) with Germany (the Central Power). This is the largest and most successful espionage case in world history.

The original idea of Germany was that this unrealistic revolution inevitably would cause chaos and retrogression in Russia so that its national power would be weak. So they thought to wait until Germany won the World War I, then there will be enough time to clean up Russia. The first half of the plan succeeded. Russia after the October Revolution did plunge into a serious civil war because the goal of the revolution did not meet the needs of the people and the need to develop an economy. It was a retrogressive move. For many years Russia fell into poverty.

Unfortunately, the second half of the plan was not realized. The reason was simple: Germany was defeated in World War I and it was impossible for it to clean up the weak Bolshevik regime. The victorious countries were also not interested in cleaning up the devil of the Bolsheviks. They did not even think it as a demon. To the most, they thought it as the devil for the Russian people, and had little to do with themselves.

Thus the new variant of communism, Bolshevism, had the opportunity to consolidate its rule by cruel repression and to gradually perfect its authoritarian political system and its accompanying economic system. It also actively participated in the social changes in the other countries of the world and sought opportunities for the establishment of a new tyranny. It was then the other big communist power, China, gradually fell into the trap of the Bolsheviks.

The Communism serfdom obviously does not suit the overall development of a society yet it does not exclude industrial production either. This feature has long been proven in ancient China. The ancient China was a typical system with dictatorship dominating the industry. Once its official business and commerce were extremely developed and ahead of the world. This greatly inspired the Russians who were deeply influenced by the Eastern system and thus the Russians created a new variant of communism that Westerners did not quite understand.

This system was very successful in the Soviet Union. The rapid development of the industry made the Soviet Union powerful quickly, thus it survived the World War II that almost flooded and drowned everyone. And then the Soviet Union helped the Chinese Bolsheviks seize power. At the same time the West's appeasement policy had extended to the Eastern European countries. This resulted in the world entering the so-called Cold War.

However, lame industrial development lost to the Western democracies during the Cold War; the presumption of exploiting human rights by the authoritarianism of the Bolsheviks was not accepted by the Chinese society, which had long accustomed themselves to the status of free men. The resistance of the Chinese society against the communist system of low human rights and the lag in economic development caused a series of political protests in China. These protests also affected the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe thus led to the collapse of the Bolshevik system.

However, due to the appeasement policy of the West, post-communist China survived the time when it was the best opportunity for the collapse of communism as a whole. Thereby China maintained a new variant of Deng Xiaoping's model and has entered the current Xi Jinping model which gives Xi the idea that he thinks that he knows what to do. This model wants to create an even newer variant of the Bolshevik system. But its opportunity has been run out by its predecessors. When will it collapse? We shall all wait and see.

To hear Mr. Wei Jingsheng's related commentary, please visit:

http://www.weijingsheng.org/RFA/RFA2017/WeiJS171107onOctoberRevolution.mp3

(Written and recorded on November 7, 2017. Broadcasted by Radio Free Asia.)

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中文版

Wei Jingsheng Foundation News and Article Release Issue: A1060-W697

魏京生基金会新闻与文章发布号：A1060-W697

Release Date: November 11, 2017

发布日：2017年11月11日

Topic: What is the October Revolution? -- Wei Jingsheng

标题：什么是十月革命? -- 魏京生

Original Language Version: Chinese (Chinese version at the end)

此号以中文为准（英文在前，中文在后）

如有中文乱码问题，请与我们联系或访问：

http://www.weijingsheng.org/report/report2017/report2017-11/WeiJS171111onOctoberRevolutionA1060-W697.htm

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什么是十月革命

-- 魏京生

今年是十月革命一百周年。但是被十月革命影响最大的俄国和中国，都很低调，没有过去那种官方的纪念活动。社会上的反应也很冷淡。但我觉得还是有必要纪念这场革命。这是为了记住它带给整个世界的灾难和教训。

什么是十月革命？很多中国的朋友都有一个错误的认识，也就是中共的报章杂志经常误导的说法：十月革命推翻了沙皇的封建统治。实际上沙皇的俄国早在一九一七年的三月份，也就是俄国历法的二月份就被推翻了。那是被以社会革命党为首的各个民主势力发动的二月革命推翻的，列宁的布尔什维克党在其中并没有发挥重要的作用。

列宁的布尔什维克党的宗旨是要建立所谓的无产阶级专政和共产社会，而不是民主政治。所以他们对刚建立的克伦斯基民主政府持有敌对的态度。这对当时的德国是一个机会。因为德国在第一次世界大战中正处于劣势，希望俄国能退出战争。于是德国给了列宁一笔相当于现在几十亿美元的巨款，帮助他推翻了刚刚建立的脆弱的克伦斯基政府，并与德国签订了合约。这是世界历史上最大也是最成功的间谍案，没有之一。

德国本来的想法是，这种不切实际的革命，必然造成俄国的混乱和倒退，以至于国力虚弱。等到德国在战争中取胜，再回过头来收拾俄国还来得及。这个计划的前半部分成功了，十月革命后的俄国确实陷入了严重的内战，因为革命的目标不符合人民的愿望和发展的需要，而是一种倒退。在很多年时间里，俄国都陷入了贫困之中。

遗憾的是计划的后半部分没有实现。原因很简单，德国战败了，不可能来收拾虚弱的布尔什维克政权。战胜国们也没兴趣来收拾布尔什维克这个恶魔，甚至不认为这是个恶魔，最多认为那是俄国人民的恶魔，和自己没有多大关系。

于是共产主义的新的变种布尔什维克主义，就有了机会依靠残酷的镇压巩固了统治，逐渐完善了他们的专制政治体系，和配套的经济体系。并且积极参与到世界各国的社会变革之中，为建立新的专制政权寻找机会。另一个共产主义大国中国，就是在那个时候逐渐落入了布尔什维克的陷阱。

共产主义农奴制显然不适合社会的全面发展，但却并不排斥工业生产。这个特点早就在中国古代就已经被证明了。中国古代就是典型的以专制政治统治工业的制度。它的官营工商业曾经极度发达并领先于世界，这给了深受东方制度影响的俄国人极大的启发，创造了西方人不太理解的共产主义新变种。

这个体制在苏联很成功，迅速发展的工业使得苏联迅速强大起来，熬过了第二次世界大战中几乎遭遇的灭顶之灾。并在那之后帮助中国的布尔什维克夺取了政权。同时因为西方的绥靖政策扩展到东欧国家。这使得世界局势进入到所谓的冷战。

然而，跛脚发展工业的模式在冷战竞争中输给了西方民主制度；布尔什维克的专政以剥夺人权为前提，难以被早已习惯于自由人身份的中国社会所接受。中国社会对低人权的共产主义制度的反抗和经济发展的迟滞，造成了中国的一系列政治反抗运动，并且影响了苏联和东欧，并导致布尔什维克制度的垮台。

但由于西方的绥靖政策，后共产主义的中国熬过了共产主义整体垮台的最佳时机，从而维持了邓小平模式的新的变种，进入到自以为的习近平模式。这个模式想创造一个更新的布尔什维克制度的变种。但机会已经被前人用完了。它什么时候崩溃，我们大家可以拭目以待。